Category Archives: Advanced Ceramic Fasteners

Sulfuric Acid ( H2SO4 ) is one of the most widely used and important acids, being an essential component to many industries. Equally as important is selecting the right material to survive this environment. This newsletter will provide options. WHICH IS BEST? That depends on BOTH concentration and temperature – … Continue reading

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Q: I’m designing a process that must be able to handle a high load at about 1000F. I’m planning to use A286, but I now need to know what bolt length size to use to make this machinery stable. I’d like to use as short small of a bolt as possible so how … Continue reading

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Q: What is the difference between a general purpose, SAE, USS and oversized washer? Are they all flat washers or different styles. And is one better than the other? A: General purchase, SAE, USS and oversize are all flat washers and all serve the same purpose of distributing the load … Continue reading

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Q: What is the difference between an allen, hex and socket driver? A: All these drivers are the same. They can be offered in a socket head cap screw (hence the term socket), pan head and flat head. An allen/hex/socket drive offers a more secure connection than say a flat … Continue reading

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Q: I have a high temperature application that runs at about 1900- 2000F. Would a ceramic bolt be a good idea. I need to have some strength and Alumina says it offers 75 ksi UTS? Will that work? A: Ceramics are not often a good idea when their are any … Continue reading

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Q: I have a customer who is looking for some Inconel flat head screws and specifically called out 100°. Is this the standard? A: Flat head screws, also known as countersunk screws, are able to be manufactured with 6 different angles – 60°, 82°, 90°, 100°, 110° and 120°. The most … Continue reading

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Hex Cap Screws and Hex Bolts – Are they the same? While most think these parts are the same, they do have some slight differences. Hex head cap screws have a flat washer facing under the head that meet specific tolerances per ASME B18.2.1 whereas a Hex Bolt is flat … Continue reading

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Q: I have a customer requesting a UNJF thread for his Aerospace application. How are these different from a UNF thread? A: This is a great question as UNJ threaded bolts are not interchangeable with a standard UN, UNC, or UNF nut. An internal UNJ thread will assemble to a standard … Continue reading

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Q: My customer asked for a Hastelloy stud that is threaded first to first. Is this important? A: This is a very important detail. There are 2 options for threads on studs. 1) First to First and 2) Overall Length (or physical end to other physical end). “First to … Continue reading

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Q: I have a request for a titanium socket head cap screw. The customer asked to have this screw made to DIN specifications but I found two DIN specs for a socket head cap screw. What is the difference between DIN 6912 and 912? A: A titanium DIN 6912 socket … Continue reading

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Q: We are looking for a non-conductive screw that gets close to the strength of 316 stainless steel, ideas? A: The best we could offer would be our glass fiber reinforced PEEK screws. It has nearly double the tensile strength as natural PEEK at about 22,800 psi. You could also … Continue reading

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Q: Do ceramic fasteners provide strength? A: The answer to your question is both yes and no. They provide decent tensile strength similar to some stainless steels(Aluminia bolts has a tensile strength of 30 ksi and Zirconia screws 75 ksi), however they don’t have any yield strength. Due to the … Continue reading

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Q: I am looking for recommendations for fasteners capable of operating under load at 2000C, in a mild vacuum environment. The material can be conductive or insulating just along as it does not react with carbon. A: For temperatures as high as 2000C, Zirconia ceramic fasteners would be your only … Continue reading

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Q: We are looking for a non-conductive screw with lower dielectric constant / dissipation factor to replace a steel screw (Tensile Strength 70kpsi) in one of our products. So were trying to get to similar strength / properties to the steel screw to meet our torque requirements. Will a ceramic … Continue reading

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Q: How do ceramic alumina screws compare to steel screws as far as strength goes? The load would most likely be tension, but some compression too. A: If you compare 316 Stainless Steel to Zirconia ceramic screws, their tensile strengths are similar (around 75 ksi tensile) with Alumina ceramics being … Continue reading

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Q: I need a bolt that can handle high temperatures and be an electric insulator? What can I use? A: That depends on what you mean by high temperature and what other issues you have like the strength requirements. If you are talking about temperatures under 500F, then you may … Continue reading

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Q: I’m looking for a socket head cap screw that is 5/8″-11 x 5.5 inches in length. Need the material to be non-conductive and was thinking Ceramic Zirconia? Would that work? A: Ceramics like Zirconia screws are in fact an excellent insulator from electrical current. However zirconia ceramic fasteners are … Continue reading

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From thermal processing and furnace applications to the extreme demands of aerospace, several high temperature alloys are available each with unique traits and capabilities. This brief newsletter will outline the primary fastener materials that are commonly used for excellent high temperature and oxidation resistance. Best High Temperature Oxidation Resistant Fasteners … Continue reading

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Q: We are using ceramic screws in one of vacuum furnaces, they’re breaking due to thermal stresses. There is lots of thermal cycling. Are their any less brittle materials we can use? The environment is low pressure with a max temperature of 1050C. Gases used in the system include: argon, … Continue reading

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Q: I am looking for some high tensile strength studs with good electricity resistance. I think zirconia of aluminia material will be suitable but I am open for suggestions. The studs would be about 5 inches long. A: Probably ceramics fasteners are not the best choice for this situation. It … Continue reading

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Q: I’m hoping you can help me with a high temperature issue. I’m running an ammonia plant where gases, along with hot air are heated to temps of 1800-2000F. The secondary reformer unit is made of carbon steel with refractory lining. I need bolting that can survive these temps so … Continue reading

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Q: I’m designing laboratory equipment that will be utilized at 325-400F and I need screws that have immunity to organics and low concentrations of acids, as well be FDA approved. Would that be a ceramic? A: You probably don’t want a ceramic screw. Though they are corrosion resistant and offer … Continue reading

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Q: I am looking for a suitable fastener for use in a high heat furnace that is running at 2000F but the actual hearth wear flames go up to 3000F. The furnace is not under vacuum and has a normal atmosphere. We are finding that the 304 bolts are failing … Continue reading

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Q: I have an application where I need pan head, insulating, high vacuum compatible, screw. It will also need to be usable at a service temperature up to 150C. Do I need a ceramic? A: Though ceramics are excellent insulators, they are usually only used for high temperature applications, where … Continue reading

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Q: I was looking at your site and noticed that the ceramics don’t have a yield strength. What does that mean? A: Metals and plastic have yield strengths because they start to stretch before breaking… the point where they start stretching is the “yield point” and the stress at that … Continue reading

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Q: What is the difference between Zirconia and Zirconium? A: Zirconia is a ceramic made from ZrO2 and Zirconium (Zr) is a refractory metal element found on the periodic table. So while Zirconia is made from Zirconium they are VERY different.

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Q: Are ceramics fragile? Do I have to worry about them breaking compared to metals? A: Compared to metals ceramic fasteners are indeed fragile. Unlike a metal, there is very little yield before it fractures. Additionally ceramic fasteners and susceptible to thermal shock.

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Q: Why does Zirconia cost more than Alumina? A: 1) Raw material cost: Aluminia is far more abundant, whereas Yttrium oxide which is a stabilizer for Zirconia ceramic, is a rare earth element. 2) Shaping costs: Due to its higher density it takes approximately 10x longer to grind down and shape … Continue reading

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Q: What advantages does Zirconia have over Alumina? A: Usually for most high temperature or electric insulator applications where ceramics are needed, alumina ceramic fasteners are the most popular choice due to their properties and relatively affordable price compared to zirconia fasteners. However sometimes the extreme properties of zirconia fasteners … Continue reading

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Q: I’m using a high temperature vacuum furnace at 2500F. What type of material do you suggest using and is there any advantage of using a metal over a ceramic? A: Under vacuum conditions with little to no oxygen present, there are some metallic options for fasteners which include … Continue reading

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Q: Why does Zirconia cost more than Alumina? A: 1.) Raw material cost. Alumina is far more abundant, whereas Yttrium oxide which is a stabilizer for Zirconia ceramic, is a rare earth element. 2.) Shaping costs. Due to its higher density it takes approximately 10x longer to grind down … Continue reading

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