Category Archives: High Temperature Resistance

Q: Can Hastelloy bolts provide high strength? A: Hastelloy C276 bolts can provide about 107ksi of strength. They are typically used for high temperature corrosion resistance. For corrosive applications where higher strength is needed, you may also want to consider Inconel 625. Inconel 625 bolts offer 144ksi of strength and … Continue reading

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Q: I don’t see 316 on your sight but would you know if 316H material can be useed at 1500F? A: I believe 316H will survive 1500F without significant oxidation. However, please be aware, at that temperature, the material will lose a significant % of its strength. The material already … Continue reading

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Polymers at Cryogenic Temperatures Most often people want to know how hot a material can be used up to in an application, however for cryogenic applications, in media like liquified gasses (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, LNG, etc.), we need to understand how materials perform at very cold temperatures. Polymer fasteners … Continue reading

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Q: Looking for a fastener to bolt together two HAST-X sheets that will be used as part of a furnace fixture assembly. Furnace will be used at temperatures up to 1000°C with cycling from 20°C to 1000°C and back to 20°C over a period of 2 days. This will be … Continue reading

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Q: My customer is asking for a 1/2″ bolt for a high temperature application to 1300F that is to the spec ASTM F2281. What material is this and what is ASTM F2281? A: The specification ASTM F2281 covers several materials including Inconel, Alloy 330 and A286. The spec does not … Continue reading

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316 stainless is a familiar alloy to many of us and perhaps one of the most widely used fastening materials. Though it serves a critical function for industry, 316 can often fall short in servicing challenging high strength, temperature and corrosion resistant applications. Here is how it measures up in … Continue reading

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I am bolting 321 stainless steel ducts (we are discussing changing to grade 91 alloy but this is only a possibility), and want to use locknuts to minimize potential for debris. The application is at 900-1050F at the bolts, so I am not sure what locknuts are available at this … Continue reading

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Q: I’m looking for polymer that can withstand around 400F for a high temperature sterilization process in a pharmaceutical application. In addition, I also need the polymer to meet FDA and USDA purity standards. Is this possible with Torlon screws. A: Torlon screws are a good high temperature polymer that … Continue reading

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Q: I have a high temperature application that requires bolts that can withstand around 1900F. There is almost no corrosive contamination – strictly heat and oxidation resistance are required. I see both Inconel 600 and 310 stainless can be used at this temperature – what is the difference and which … Continue reading

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Q: I have a high temperature application that runs at about 1900- 2000F. Would a ceramic bolt be a good idea. I need to have some strength and Alumina says it offers 75 ksi UTS? Will that work? A: Ceramics are not often a good idea when their are any … Continue reading

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Inconel bolts are a nickel alloy fastener that are known for their use in high temperature applications that also require high strength. Many grades are also used for their excellent level of corrosion resistance in harsh chemical environments. This brief newsletter highlights the unique attributes of each Inconel bolt … Continue reading

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Q: What’s the difference between Hastelloy C276 and Inconel 625? A: C276 bolts have an edge in corrosion resistance on Inconel 625 bolts. Typically Hastelloy bolts are the go-to in many harsh chemical environments and offer improved resistance most notably in hydrochloric acid. Hastelloy is also renowned for their resistance … Continue reading

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Q: I need an Inconel 625 screw for a high temperature environment with trace corrosives. I’d need torx head bolt style. How many times can I tighten and loosen this type of bolt before I need to replace it? A: You should be able to get hundreds or even thousands of … Continue reading

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Q: I need some suggestions on bolting for an application that is running at 610 degree C in a thermal cycling environment (Room temperature to 610 deg C). Is A286 a good fit? A: This will depend a bit on the loads you are dealing with, but one of the … Continue reading

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Q: I am currently using 18-8 stainless steel socket head cap screws coated with MoS2 in a vacuum. I am having problems with the screws clamping force is sometimes loosening and they sometimes gall and jam, due to elevated temperature (700° to 1000° C) and heat cycling. What would be the most cost-effective screw … Continue reading

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Q: We are currently using A286 bolts per ASTM 453 at 1200F and are having some issues with durability as the tensile strength we originally calculated necessary was 130ksi but seems like we need higher strengths. Any ideas? A: In this type of environment you should consider A-286 in the … Continue reading

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Q: I’m looking for a polymer fastener that can withstand ultraviolet radiation, but is also FDA approved as this is for a pharmaceutical application. Temperatures are around 100C. A: For this application, a good choice would be PVDF fasteners. PVDF screws are both FDA approved and are ideal for handling … Continue reading

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Q: I was wondering if it would be okay to use the Tantalum material in a furnace with design temperature of 2600F. It is a heat treating furnace and I need a 4″ 150 ANSI RF flange. A: Generally due to its extremely high price, tantalum is produced as weld overlay … Continue reading

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Q: Would you be able to quote fasteners, that will used to bolt together multi-piece heat treat racks cast from HX. The racks are used in both solution (water quench and polymer quench) and age furnaces. Our typical temperature range during heat treat cycles is 1300-1800°F but can be as … Continue reading

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Q: For a high temperature oxidation-rich environment which would be better Inconel 600 or 601 bolts? A: For this situation it really depends on the temperature range you are dealing with because both an Inconel 600 bolt and an Inconel 601 bolt offer good oxidation resistance. Inconel 600 can service … Continue reading

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Q: I’m working with a high temperature waste to fuel application that operates at 1000F normally but could spike to 1200F. Currently I am using Grade 8 bolts but I am concerned about the oxidation resistance of them and their stability at high temperatures. Do you have any material recommendations? … Continue reading

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Q: I am dealing with near 100% salt saturated brine water @ 195°F. I need material recommendations and price on threaded rod that will survive in that environment. A: Hello, with 100% saturated brine at near boiling temperatures of 195F there are a few materials that can work . Bolts … Continue reading

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Q: I have a food processing application that requires a polymer screw that can get hot – about 300F. My concern is outgassing in the heat that can contaminate the food chemicals. Is there something that will not outgas that can work for me? A: For your application I would … Continue reading

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Q: I’m a purchasing agent and one of our engineers is requesting a 1/2″-13 x 2″ hex head bolt that is material A286 meeting F2281? What is F2281 mean? A: Good question. F2281 is a national standards specification put in place by the ASTM. An A286 bolt that meets the … Continue reading

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Q: I have a process that is running at high temperatures that can fluctuate up to 1500F that requires not only oxidation resistance but also some chemical resistance contaminants. I had tried some C276 bolts for the stray acids but they don’t seem to be working mechanically…suggestions? A: A good … Continue reading

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Q: I am working on two different exhaust systems based on 409 SS. I am looking for a 3/8-16 1” long bolt which can be fastened to threads in 409 SS. Currently, I am using Grade 8 bolts made from 300 M with Nickel Based Anti-Seize. The temperature can go … Continue reading

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Q: I am looking for a bolt that will withstand working temperatures of around 800 degrees. We are having issues using grade 9 bolts that after multiple oven cycles we are having to cut the bolts off due to them being locked up. We need a bolt that will withstand … Continue reading

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Q: I need a material that can stay oxidation resistant at 2000F in a cyclic temperature environment. Any suggestions? A: One of the best choices is Inconel 601, UNS N06601,which is highly resistant to oxidation up to 2200°F and can handle even severe thermal cycling. These Inconel bolts will offer … Continue reading

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Q: I have an high temperature exhaust application that requires about 130ksi of tensile strength and is running pretty hot at 1000F. There are also some low concentration acidic contaminants that condense on the bolts during shutdowns, that have caused corrosion in the past on standard 316 bolting. Would A286 … Continue reading

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Q: I’m working with a high temperature, bi-metallic bolted flange design. The steady state temperature of the flange is 1400 degrees F. The bolt is TZM, which has a lesser CTE than the thru-hole material. I’m looking for a material with a CTE less than TZM to use as a … Continue reading

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Non-magnetic fasteners service a variety of applications mainly where magnetic “interference” needs to be avoided. Cryogenic and medical applications such as MRI’s are just a few of the key places non-magnetic fasteners are needed. This newsletter highlights a few specialty metal fasteners that can service non-magnetic needs. Inconel Bolts Non-magnetic … Continue reading

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Q:How does Nitronic 60 compare to an A286 bolt for high temperature strength? A: That depends on the strength required and the temperature of your application. A Nitronic 60 bolt is known for its high temperature properties up to 1800F. At these extreme temperatures it can offer good resistance to … Continue reading

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Q: It says that Alloy 330 is carburization resistant. What does that mean exactly? A: Carburization is when heat hardens a metal. Carburizing is sometimes used in alloy aging processes when your goal is to harden the alloy. On the other hand unwanted carburization can occur at extreme temperatures which … Continue reading

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Q: I was reading that high temperatures will accelerate the rusting of metal bolts. Is there a material that can prevent this. I’m using the screws at 1300F intermittently. A: What you are looking for is an oxidation resistant bolt. When a metal oxidizes it is attacked by oxygen which … Continue reading

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Q:We are currently using mild steel with a black oxide coating and the bolts are breaking down because they are stretching under tension because of the heat, and corrode in various places from our acids.The acids we use here are Hydrochloric (HCl) and Sulfuric (H2SO4), both are heavily diluted with … Continue reading

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Q: I’m looking for a high temperature, strong fastener. I noticed that Hastelloy C276 bolts can be used to 1500F where A286 screws can only be used to 1300F. Does that make Hastelloy a better choice? A: Typically not. Hastelloy screws are most often used for high temperature corrosion. For … Continue reading

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Cryogenic service can be harsh on any equipment, but gaskets have their own specific challenges. Due to the expansion and contraction when temperatures fluctuate between room and cryogenic, gasket sealing mechanisms can be compromised. This newsletter provides answers to issues facing gaskets in cryogenic service. How do cryogenic temps affect … Continue reading

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Q: Can you explain to me the difference between Inconel 625 and Nitronic 60 in terms of high temperatures? Both seem to be able to handle temps up to 1800F but which is better? A: Well that depends on what you are using them for. Inconel 625 bolts are a … Continue reading

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Q: I am interested in 1/4″ x 2 1/2′ bolts and nuts that can resist oxidation up to 2000F. The application they are needed for would be to hold together a steel frame meant to hold tool steel in position preventing distortion during the heat treating process. I would like … Continue reading

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Q: I have an application that needs an alloy to withstand 2100° F with no preload. Would Hastelloy be a good choice? A: Probably not. Hastelloy fasteners have a max usable temperature of 1500°F and is primarily used for corrosion resistance. For these temperatures Inconel bolts are a better choice … Continue reading

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Q: What is the difference between alloy 330SS and 310SS bolts? A: Good question. Alloy 330 and 310 are fairly similar however there are some differences. Alloy 330 fasteners offer high temperature protection, oxidation and carburization resistant to 2100°F whereas 310SS maxes out at 2000°F. In addition, alloy 330 bolts … Continue reading

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Q: I need a polymer flange that for a sterilization process. It would need to withstand temps of about 300F. Any suggestions? A: For this situation I would suggest a PEEK flange. PEEK is strong to temps of about 500F and performs excellently in both high temperature steam and water … Continue reading

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Q: What is the Vario gasket design? A: Vario is not a unique gasket at all, it is an adder to the existing JP/JG Revoseal gaskets to add in centering the gasket no matter what pressure class flange that the gasket is being mated to. This save metal costs as … Continue reading

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Q: I need a high temperature gasket that can provide a tight seal to a hazardous application that reaches temps of about 1200F. Do you have a product that can help me? A: Yes. An Inconel JG / JP gasket can give you high temperature resistance at these temperatures. The … Continue reading

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Q: I have a leaking gasket that is in a heat transfer fluid application. What do you recommend? A: For this situation you may want to try the Revolution gasket system. Due to consistent sealing pressure it will offer you a far lower leak rate than an off the shelf … Continue reading

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Q: I need a high temperature gasket that would be able to handle thermal cycling. Any ideas? A: The Revolution gasket is ideal for thermal cycling. The design of the gasket accommodates flange movement that can be caused by thermal cycling and vibration. The corrugated design of the Revolution gasket … Continue reading

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Q: I have an application that requires high temperature oxidation resistance up to about 2000F. Any suggestions? A: For these conditions there are two options I would suggest. You could try Inconel 600 bolts which are usable to 2000F. They offer excellent carburization and oxidation resistance. Since your process is … Continue reading

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Q: I need a polymer fastener that offers the best corrosion resistance at high temperatures. I’m using a low percentage of H2SO4 but temps can get up to 300F. Any ideas? A: The best polymer fastener for high temperature corrosion resistance is PTFE screws. PTFE fasteners offer excellent corrosion resistance … Continue reading

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Q: I need a polymer fastener that can withstand high temp pharma sterilization processes? There may also be chemical contaminants in the process. A: Depending on the temperatures you are looking at, the three options to consider would be PEEK, PVDF or PTFE fasteners. PEEK fasteners can be used to … Continue reading

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Q: I’ve been using 254 SMO bolts and am happy with their corrosion resistance but need a little more high temperature stability as sometimes our process can go up to 800F. Any suggestions? A: 254 SMO bolts are in a class of material called 6 Moly alloys. Another 6 Mo … Continue reading

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Q: Looking for a bolt rated 320 psi for use at a temperature of 1292F on an Incoloy 80oHT flange? Suggestions? A: Assuming you want hex head bolts and Inconel 625 is probably your best choice at those temperatures. At about 1300F, Inconel 625 bolts (per the chart below) should … Continue reading

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Q: We are having issues with a high temperature flanged joint where the bolts are continually loose when they cool down the system. The issue to me sounds like the bolts are losing tension due to the temps being too high and softening the bolts so they are plastically deforming. … Continue reading

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Q: I have a high temperature exhaust stream that needs an oxidation resistant fastener? Any suggestions, my temperature is about 1400F? A: For this temperature you have a few options depending on the strength you need. One option may be Nimonic 80A bolts which are usable to about 1500F. Also … Continue reading

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Q: I have a high temperature sterilization process and am using PVDF screws. They seem to be weakening under the temperatures that approach 300F. Any suggestions? A: PEEK fasteners may be a good fit for your application. PEEK screws stay strong and retain their mechanical properties to about 500F. They … Continue reading

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Q: I need fasteners for an exhaust duct where I want to use bolts to act as a stopper for a blast gate. The max temperature 1650F. Any suggestions? A: In this type of environment, Inconel 625 bolts would be one of the strongest and most temperature resistant materials you … Continue reading

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Q: What would be the highest strength polymer fastener I can use to 400F? A: For this application, probably the best option for you would be PEEK fasteners. PEEK screws are usable to 500F and are available in three levels of strength. Unfilled natural PEEK fasteners offer 16,000 psi tensile … Continue reading

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Q: Can you tell me what the difference is between Inconel 600 and 601? I need a material for high temperature thermal cycling. A: Both Inconel 600 and Inconel 601 bolts are oxidation resistant at high temperatures. The main difference is that Inconel 600 bolts have a maximum usable temperature … Continue reading

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Q: What is the max temperature I could expose PEEK screws to HCl? A: This depends on the concentration of the HCl but if you were at about 15%, the PEEK fasteners can be exposed to about 100C of hydrochloric acid solution. See this chart https://www.specialfastenersbolt.com/peek-fasteners-flanges.html#Chemical. That is the max … Continue reading

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Q: Can you tell me the difference between alloy 330 and 310 stainless fasteners? I’d like a more economic alternative to the 330 but didn’t know if 310 stainless could be used instead. I have extreme cyclic conditions running to about 2000F? A: If cyclic conditions are a concern you … Continue reading

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Q: Are Nimonic bolts a good choice for a high temperature vacuum environment? A: That depends. Typically for extreme temperatures in a vacuum we recommend Molybdenum fasteners. Moly bolts have an extremely high melting point and can be used at much higher temperatures – close to 2900F – ONLY when … Continue reading

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Q: I need a fastener that can withstand frequent sterilization processes at temps to around 400F. I would prefer a polymer if possible. Also the process is pharma related, so the screws would need to be non leaching and may be exposed to low concentrations of chemicals. Any ideas? A: … Continue reading

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Q: I’m in need of hex head bolts for a gas turbine hot section application. These bolts would need good strength and min. temperature tolerance of 1000 degF. Any suggestions? A: A286 bolts are an option, but would be on the lower end of these materials in terms of temperature … Continue reading

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Q: I am looking for recommendations for fasteners capable of operating under load at 2000C, in a mild vacuum environment. The material can be conductive or insulating just along as it does not react with carbon. A: For temperatures as high as 2000C, Zirconia ceramic fasteners would be your only … Continue reading

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Q: What is the difference between Nitronic 50 and 60? A: Both grades of Nitronic offer similar strength which is nearly double the yield strength of 300 series stainless steel (Nitronic 50 100ksi UTS and Nitronic 60 95ksi UTS). The real difference is in the temperature capabilities and the usage … Continue reading

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Q: Is there a material you can recommend that can handle a high temperature exhaust stream which has trace corrosive chemicals? I’ve tried A286 bolting but am having some corrosion issues. A: When a process demands high temperature corrosion resistance, depending on the temperature and amount of contamination, you might … Continue reading

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Q: I have an application with high temperature exhaust that requires a high strength bolt for oxidation resistance. Temps are pretty consistent around 1300F. Would Inconel 718 bolts be a good choice? A: Inconel 718 would definitely be one good option. Inconel 718 bolts offer 210ksi tensile strength and are … Continue reading

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Q: I’m in need a high strength bolt that can not only withstand temperatures of 1000F but also be exposed to chemical contaminants from time to time. The 1000F is the max, probably not the constant. Strength would need to be around 150ksi. Contaminants would be salts and some low … Continue reading

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Q: I need a bolt that can handle a chemical processing situation where there are not only corrosive chemicals but also high temperatures that can fluctuate. Max temp is around 1200F. What would you suggest? A: Not knowing the chemicals you are using makes it tough, but for high temperature … Continue reading

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Q: I’m running a process that has a huge swing in temperature fluctuations due to downtime and maintenance. The max temperature is around 1500F. Can you suggest a material that can handle this? A: For processes that are faced with the dual dilemma of both high temperature and cyclic conditions, … Continue reading

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Q: I am looking to eventually get a quote for some 3/8″ studs and nuts. I need to have a min yield stress of 29 ksi at 700F. SA-540 Grade B22 Class 2 or SB-637 should work. Is this something you can provide? A: These are very different materials: A-540 Grade B22 Class … Continue reading

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Q: Can I use Molybdenum outside of a vacuum? A: Yes and no. It can be used outside a vacuum but it is much more limited, especially if in an oxygen rich environment. The catch is if you use Molybdenum outside a vacuum (in an oxygenated environment) the temperature MUST … Continue reading

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Q: I have an application, which will be heated by radiant heat from below to 700°C to 900°C. The problem I am trying to solve is that the screws tend to fuse to the plate they are fastening. Black Oxide alloy steel is the best we’ve tried, but still very … Continue reading

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A. We need a screw that is usable at 200C in air only, so no chemical resistance needed. I like the high strength of the Carbon Fiber PEKK or PEEK Extreme. Will these work?A Q: Would recommend using either Glass filled PEEK or Vespel. Vespel screws are made from the … Continue reading

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Q: I’m interested in TZM or Tantalum fasteners and was also wondering if there was an option to have the fasteners coated to increase the use temperature in air? A: There really is not a coating that could be used for tantalum and molybdenum screws to increase their life in … Continue reading

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Q: I have require fasteners for use in an annealing oven for aa centrifugal fan (@1725 RPM) attached to a shaft with a through bolt and nut (shaft and fan are both SST). The environment is 1275 degrees F at atmospheric pressure and runs continuously 5 days a week I … Continue reading

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Q: What stud and nut material should I use with a ANSI 600# Alloy 800 HT pipe class max temperature 1650°F. A: Given that you are at a high temperature and pressure I would recommend going with an Inconel 625 stud. This will provide the best combination of high temperature … Continue reading

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Q: We are interested in a fastener material that can work at 1000°C in high vacuum? Do you have any suggestions? A: For high temperature vacuum environments, a great material to consider for your fasteners would be Molybdenum screws. Molybdenum screws have an extremely high melting point of over 2600°C … Continue reading

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Q: Isaw on the website that you produce Belleville spring washers. Are you also able to produce these in TZM? We are looking for Belleville spring washers which can withstand high temperatures to 500 degrees Celsius. A: Unfortunately, we can’t produce Belleville washers in TZM or other refractory metals,but we … Continue reading

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Q: I’m looking for bolts/nuts material able to withstand to cycling temperature changes from 20 Celsius up to 600 Celsius. Strength is also important . Looking for something with tensile strength at least 800 Mpa. The application is diesel engine exhaust manifold. Looking at your web site not sure Inconel … Continue reading

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Q: Looking for bolts that will be used for large Diesel engine exhaust compensators in a power plant. The normal operating temp of the exhaust is 700 degrees F at full load. Loads do fluctuate often and engines experience downtime. The exhaust system does experience extreme force and vibration. Any … Continue reading

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PEEK, PVDF and PTFE all offer lightweight, electrical & thermal insulation and great corrosion resistance. But when it comes to strength, temperature, purity and corrosion, each has its niche. The newsletter points out which is best to use in different conditions. TEMPERATURE PEEK and PTFE screws offer excellent high temperature … Continue reading

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What is a refractory metal fastener? Molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten and zirconium are all refractory metals. (We are excluding titanium from this topic although it can be considered a refractory metal by certain definitions). All these refractory metal fasteners are characterized by their high-temperature melting points, but they also have other … Continue reading

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I have a customer looking for some studs for a flange that they say could reach 1800deg F. What would you use for that? At 1800F you have a couple of options. In a steel variety you have alloy 330 studs. This will be oxidation resistant and stable at the … Continue reading

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Q: I’m designing a furnace vent system for a continuous service high heat appliance (NFPA 211). The maximum furnace working temperature is 2100 deg F; design temperature is 2190 deg F. Will Alloy 330 or 310 SS bolts and nuts work for me? A: You are at the absolute limit … Continue reading

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Q: I’m looking for a polymer washer that can be used as a dielectric break between aluminum and titanium. It will also be exposed to salt water. Is torlon a good choice? A: Torlon washers will work in this situation, but there are probably more cost efficient solution for this … Continue reading

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Q: I have a high temperature application that can reach close to 1800F that requires not just corrosion resistance from low levels of acid and salt contamination, but I also need good strength. Would Alloy 310 bolts work? A: Alloy 310 bolts could be a possibility, depending on the strength … Continue reading

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Q: I have a laboratory applications that uses about 25% sulfuric acid at room temperature to 100F. I’d like to use a polymer rather than a metal if possible. I tried PTFE screws because I thought they were corrosion resistant, but they need to be replaced often because they can’t … Continue reading

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Q: I’m dealing with a moderate chloride environment but my temperature can sometimes reach 450F. I’ve tried titanium bolts but am having some corrosion issues. Is there another material I can use? A: There are several potential choices but as the temperature increases the corrosion rate and aggressive nature of … Continue reading

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Q: I have an application in which I require a 1/2in-13 Hex bolt that will be in an inert gaseous environment at 500C. The bolt will be fastened to a Titanium Grade 5 nut. What material bolt would work best? A: I would suggest either Inconel 625 or Inconel 718 … Continue reading

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Q: I’m looking into a bolt which will be used to create vacuum seal with graphite and hold vacuum of 1 Pa. I’ve tried Inconel 718 but they seem to fail loosen at high temperatures, and my system requires 1500 F. Because I am trying to seal a vacuum system, … Continue reading

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From thermal processing and furnace applications to the extreme demands of aerospace, several high temperature alloys are available each with unique traits and capabilities. This brief newsletter will outline the primary fastener materials that are commonly used for excellent high temperature and oxidation resistance. Best High Temperature Oxidation Resistant Fasteners … Continue reading

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Q: We are using ceramic screws in one of vacuum furnaces, they’re breaking due to thermal stresses. There is lots of thermal cycling. Are their any less brittle materials we can use? The environment is low pressure with a max temperature of 1050C. Gases used in the system include: argon, … Continue reading

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Q: I have a hot sulfuric acid application that utilizes approximately 25-32% sulfuric acid. I really need a corrosion resistant bolt but due to the vastness of the operation, I’m wondering if there is a lower cost option than Hastelloy. A: For hot sulfuric acid in your concentration range, we … Continue reading

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Q: I’m in the testing phase of a new application that will require a high strength bolt that has a yield strength of about 220ksi. The biggest problem is that the bolts will also be exposed to burst of high temperature of about 1000F. Is there any material you can … Continue reading

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Q: I’m working with a process that requires a constant operating temperature of 450F. Do I need to use a metal screw or is there a polymer that can handle this? A: There are definitely polymers that can handle an environment of 450F. One option is a PEEK fastener. PEEK … Continue reading

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Q: I need a shoulder bolt that will not change its shape at elevated temperatures. The bolt is near a mild carbon steel welding process and is under a small load. It is not in the heat affected zone, but it does see an elevated temperature. I am not sure … Continue reading

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Q: I have an application where I need a non-metal fastener because of insulation and magnetic issues. The problem is that it also needs to be able to retain strength at about 520°F. Should I use a ceramic? A: Ceramic fasteners are definitely not necessary at these temperatures, although they … Continue reading

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Q: I need some high temperature engine components that can provide high strength (100ksi yield) to 1000F as well as oxidation resistance? Are molybdenum bolts good for that? A: Though Molybdenum is excellent in high temperature environments its generally reserved for very high temperature vacuum application where no oxygen is … Continue reading

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Q: I’m running a high temperature ethylene process that will reach 750-850C. I need a fastener that is carburization and creep resistance. Also moderate corrosion can be an issue. Any suggestions on materials? A: This process is ideal for Incoloy 800H or 800HT bolting. These materials are designed for long-term … Continue reading

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Q: I need a fastener that is very low weight and offers good wear resistance for a robotics application. I need about 40 ksi in strength. A: For your application I would actually suggest an engineered polymer fasteners since your strength requirement isn’t high enough to necessitate a metal . … Continue reading

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Q: I have a need for a high temperature bolts that will be used in continuous heat at about 1000F. Any suggestions? Also, will fluctuations in temperature cause breakage? A: One of the best materials for long-term continual exposure to high temperatures are Incoloy bolts. The Incoloy 800 series will … Continue reading

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Q: I’m hoping you can help me with a high temperature issue. I’m running an ammonia plant where gases, along with hot air are heated to temps of 1800-2000F. The secondary reformer unit is made of carbon steel with refractory lining. I need bolting that can survive these temps so … Continue reading

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Q: Hi, I need a 1.25” X 15” bolt that can operate in continuous temperatures of 1000F. Currently we are using a heat treated carbon based 4140 fabricated machined bolt. At these temps the bolts are “Stress Relaxing” and we are losing our clamping pressure. In addition, when we change … Continue reading

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I have a high temperature and strength application when would I choose Waspaloy bolts verses Inconel 718 bolts? Great question. Waspaloy and Inconel 718 bolts are both excellent in high temperature strength situations. In terms of strength, Inconel 718 has a edge over Waspaloy offering 210 ksi (ultimate tensile strength) … Continue reading

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Q: I have a question regarding a type of fastener that can handle sterilization. What I need is a polymer if possible that can handle both steam and radiation sterilization processes, but doesn’t leach into my process. Contamination is an issue. A: You can definitely use a polymer for this … Continue reading

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Q: I’m running a lithium extraction process where a mineral called spodumene is roasted in a mixture of sulphuric acid (95-97%) at at about 150°C to form lithium sulfate. I’ve to use Hastelloy C276 for some process equipment but I’m still experiencing corrosion. Please help. A: Hastelloy C276 bolts typically … Continue reading

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Q: I’m designing laboratory equipment that will be utilized at 325-400F and I need screws that have immunity to organics and low concentrations of acids, as well be FDA approved. Would that be a ceramic? A: You probably don’t want a ceramic screw. Though they are corrosion resistant and offer … Continue reading

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Q: My customer is having an issue with his stainless steel fastener bending. They are being used in a high-heat application running at approximately 1600F. Is this normal? Any ideas? A: This is definitely expected at these temperatures. If temperature and strength are you main focus, I would suggest either … Continue reading

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Q: I’m running a hydro-treating process that is running at 350-390°C where we’re producing H2S and NH3. Any ideas on a bolt that can handle the temperature and chemicals? A: In this type of process you having to deal with high temperatures and the formation of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) from the H2S especially … Continue reading

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Oilfields are subjected to a diversity of corrosive elements including carbonic acids, sour gas (H2S), and fracking/stimulant acids such as hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid. Naphthenic acids and simple organic acids are also found in crude oil extraction. In conjunction to acids, these environments contain sand and other abrasive elements which … Continue reading

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Q: I am looking for a suitable fastener for use in a high heat furnace that is running at 2000F but the actual hearth wear flames go up to 3000F. The furnace is not under vacuum and has a normal atmosphere. We are finding that the 304 bolts are failing … Continue reading

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Q: I have a high temperature application which is exposed to sulfur and chloride gasses. We’re operating at between 1200° and 1400°F. Any suggestions on a bolt material to consider? A: To deal with both sulfuric/chloride atmospheres as well as high temperatures, you may want to consider Incoloy 800HT bolts … Continue reading

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Q: I need to attach an LNG cryogenic pump and need to make sure I use a material that can withstand temperatures of –120 °F as well as don’t embrittle when fluctuating back to room temperature. Any suggestions? A: Monel K500 is a common choice for cyrogenic fasteners. It can … Continue reading

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Q: I chose Tantalum bolts for their corrosion resistance and high temperature capabilities and they are breaking. I’m running an application that fluctuates between 350 Celcius where there could be concentrated sulfuric acid contamination. I thought these would be excellent with high temperature acid exposure. Can you help me? I … Continue reading

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Q: I’m using zirconium fasteners in a sulfuric acid process but they are showing corrosion. I’m not sure why as I’m well below boiling and only using 40% concentration. There may be some downstream contaminants, but not much. Any ideas? A: It is most likely the contaminants that are causing … Continue reading

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Q: I’m running a steam surface condenser which is installed on a steam turbine in a thermal power station. I’m using sea water that could be contaminated with chemical pollutants cooling water side of the condenser. Any ideas on a good fastener for the tubes and water boxes? A: Duplex 2205 … Continue reading

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They rhyme, are both used in extreme environments, and are both nickel metal alloys, but Monel and Inconel are actually very different. But how? Let’s start with basic chemistry. Monel is a nickel-copper alloy and Inconel is a nickel-chromium alloy. So what does that mean for your extreme application? We … Continue reading

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Q: I’m running a semiconductor wet chemical etching process that utilizes 85 % phosphoric acid at around 150-160°C. I need a material that can withstand this process. Super Duplex hex bolts are not cutting it. A: At that particular concentration and temperature high performance nickel alloys like Hastelloy C276 bolts … Continue reading

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Q: We have a pulp & paper digester that is used to cook wood chips in an alkaline solution. The fasteners will be exposed to high temperatures and abrasive conditions. Any suggestions? A: Without knowing the specifics of your process, I can make two general material suggestions. Duplex 2205 fasteners are … Continue reading

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Q: I saw on your high temperature chart that Molybdenum is listed twice. I’m confused, which high temperature should I use? A: Both high temperatures are accurate, depending on the situation where you are using Molybdenum fasteners. Molybdenum screws can be used up to 2912F only if it is used … Continue reading

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Q: What is the difference between Incoloy 825 and 925 bolts? A: Bolts made from Incoloy 925 are precipitation hardened version of Incoloy 825 bolts. What this means is it is put through a heat treatment process which hardens the alloy at the atomic level. Basically Incoloy 925 bolts offers similar … Continue reading

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Q: What is the highest temperature I could use Inconel 718 bolts? A: Inconel 718 fasteners could be used reliably up to about 1300F. Because Inconel 718 is heat treated or age hardened at 1325F, going beyond 1300F will significantly affect its strength properties. Furthermore, its strength may not fully return. … Continue reading

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Q: I have a high pressure application with HCl at fluctuating temperatures. Can you recommend the best flange to provide a safe secure joint? A: Hands down, the weld neck flange is best for these types of hazardous, high pressure applications. Weld neck flanges are easily identified by their long … Continue reading

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Q: When do you recommend to use a threaded flange? I need a flange that can be changed easily & frequently. A: After speaking with the customer, I found out that he has a pilot plant where he will be frequently changing parts. In this case a threaded flange is … Continue reading

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Q: What advantages does Zirconia have over Alumina? A: Usually for most high temperature or electric insulator applications where ceramics are needed, alumina ceramic fasteners are the most popular choice due to their properties and relatively affordable price compared to zirconia fasteners. However sometimes the extreme properties of zirconia fasteners … Continue reading

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Q: Need help with specific needs regarding Polyimide fasteners and their high temperature capabilities A: This Italian company was developing a new client oven. They were interested in Polyimide fasteners and their high temperature capabilities. In particular they needed: Usability to 300°C Capability with metal connections Heat and electric … Continue reading

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Q: I’m using a high temperature vacuum furnace at 2500F. What type of material do you suggest using and is there any advantage of using a metal over a ceramic? A: Under vacuum conditions with little to no oxygen present, there are some metallic options for fasteners which include … Continue reading

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Q: Why does Zirconia cost more than Alumina? A: 1.) Raw material cost. Alumina is far more abundant, whereas Yttrium oxide which is a stabilizer for Zirconia ceramic, is a rare earth element. 2.) Shaping costs. Due to its higher density it takes approximately 10x longer to grind down … Continue reading

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Q: Polyimide / Vespel fasteners and their high temperature capabilities A: This client is developing a new oven application and was interested in Polyimide fasteners and their high temperature capabilities. In particular they needed:

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